Impact of Plant Extracts on the Pollination Activity of <i>Apis mellifera</i> Linnaeus, 1758 (Hymenoptera: Apidae) on Flowers of Cowpea Variety Feekem, in Dang (Adamaoua, Cameroon)

Taïmanga; Moukhtar Mohammadou; Pharaon Auguste Mbianda; Moïse Adamou; Ousmana Youssoufa; Boris Fouelifack-Nintidem; Andrea Sarah Kenne Toukem; Odette Massah Dabole; Oumarou Abdoul Aziz; Abraham Tchoubou-Sale; Abdel Kayoum Yomon; Sedrick Junior Tsekane; Martin Kenne

doi:doi:10.11648/j.aje.20240802.12

Research Article |

| Peer-Reviewed

Impact of Plant Extracts on the Pollination Activity of Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758 (Hymenoptera: Apidae) on Flowers of Cowpea Variety Feekem, in Dang (Adamaoua, Cameroon)

Taïmanga

, Moukhtar Mohammadou

, Pharaon Auguste Mbianda

, Moïse Adamou

, Ousmana Youssoufa

, Boris Fouelifack-Nintidem

, Andrea Sarah Kenne Toukem

, Odette Massah Dabole

, Oumarou Abdoul Aziz

, Abraham Tchoubou-Sale

, Abdel Kayoum Yomon

, Sedrick Junior Tsekane

, Martin Kenne^*

Published in American Journal of Entomology (Volume 8, Issue 2)

Received: 22 April 2024 Accepted: 3 May 2024 Published: 24 May 2024

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Abstract

Synthetic pesticides present worldwide risks of contamination of humans, livestock and the environment due to the strong persistence and the toxic residues in fruits and vegetables. Natural biopesticides of local plant origin present low persistence and are the best alternative for the control of crop pests. In the Adamaoua region (Northern Cameroon), few studies exist concerning effects of botanical pesticides on the behavior of beneficial insects. Studies aimed to draw up a list of pollinating insects on flowers of Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp., 1843 (Fabales: Fabaceae), in situations of treatment with botanical pesticides compared to the situation of the use of synthetic insecticide and to determine the effect of the biopesticides on the behavior of the main floricultural insects. Field investigations were carried out during two cowpea cultivation campaigns (June to September 2021 and June to October 2022) in Dang (suburb of Ngaoundere) on the effect of leaves extracts of local plant origin on the foraging behavior of Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758 (Hymenoptera: Apidae) and the main sap-sucking insect Aphis craccivora Koch, 1854 (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Forty-four cowpea plots of 4x3.5 m each distributed according to the randomized complete block model (four untreated plots as negative control, four plots treated with the synthetic insecticide Parastar (40EC 535/ 10/IN, 20 g/l of imidacloprid and 20 g/l of lamda-cyhalothrin) as positive control, and 36 experimental plots treated with three concentrations (10%, 20% and 30%) of aqueous leaves extract of Calotropis procera (Gentianales: Apocynaceae), Eucalyptus camaldulensis (Myrtales: Myrtaceae), and Tithonia diversifolia (Asterales: Asteraceae) respectively, made it possible to conduct four treatments: (1) flowers left to freely pollination, (2) flowers protected against pollinators, (3) flowers visited exclusively by Ap. mellifera and (4) flowers protected against insects. Among eight species (four orders, four families and seven genera) recorded on the flowers of V. unguiculata, the domestic bee Ap. mellifera was the most common and collected nectar and pollen. The control plots and those treated with 10% or 20% aqueous leaves extracts allowed the bee to carry out its activity. Plots treated with 30% extract of each plant and those treated with the synthetic insecticide Parastar, drastically altered the rhythm and speed of activity in Ap. mellifera foragers. This behavior became less coordinated and slow on treated plants. It would be wise to use 10% or 20% aqueous extracts as botanical insecticides and an alternative to the synthetic insecticide Parastar.

Published in	American Journal of Entomology (Volume 8, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.aje.20240802.12
Page(s)	31-59
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Floricultural Insects, Vigna unguiculata, Botanical insecticides, Chemical Pest Control

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Taïmanga, Mohammadou, M., Mbianda, P. A., Adamou, M., Youssoufa, O., et al. (2024). Impact of Plant Extracts on the Pollination Activity of Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758 (Hymenoptera: Apidae) on Flowers of Cowpea Variety Feekem, in Dang (Adamaoua, Cameroon). American Journal of Entomology, 8(2), 31-59. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aje.20240802.12

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ACS Style

Taïmanga; Mohammadou, M.; Mbianda, P. A.; Adamou, M.; Youssoufa, O., et al. Impact of Plant Extracts on the Pollination Activity of Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758 (Hymenoptera: Apidae) on Flowers of Cowpea Variety Feekem, in Dang (Adamaoua, Cameroon). Am. J. Entomol. 2024, 8(2), 31-59. doi: 10.11648/j.aje.20240802.12

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AMA Style

Taïmanga, Mohammadou M, Mbianda PA, Adamou M, Youssoufa O, et al. Impact of Plant Extracts on the Pollination Activity of Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758 (Hymenoptera: Apidae) on Flowers of Cowpea Variety Feekem, in Dang (Adamaoua, Cameroon). Am J Entomol. 2024;8(2):31-59. doi: 10.11648/j.aje.20240802.12

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@article{10.11648/j.aje.20240802.12,
  author = {Taïmanga and Moukhtar Mohammadou and Pharaon Auguste Mbianda and Moïse Adamou and Ousmana Youssoufa and Boris Fouelifack-Nintidem and Andrea Sarah Kenne Toukem and Odette Massah Dabole and Oumarou Abdoul Aziz and Abraham Tchoubou-Sale and Abdel Kayoum Yomon and Sedrick Junior Tsekane and Martin Kenne},
  title = {Impact of Plant Extracts on the Pollination Activity of Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758 (Hymenoptera: Apidae) on Flowers of Cowpea Variety Feekem, in Dang (Adamaoua, Cameroon)
},
  journal = {American Journal of Entomology},
  volume = {8},
  number = {2},
  pages = {31-59},
  doi = {10.11648/j.aje.20240802.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aje.20240802.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.aje.20240802.12},
  abstract = {Synthetic pesticides present worldwide risks of contamination of humans, livestock and the environment due to the strong persistence and the toxic residues in fruits and vegetables. Natural biopesticides of local plant origin present low persistence and are the best alternative for the control of crop pests. In the Adamaoua region (Northern Cameroon), few studies exist concerning effects of botanical pesticides on the behavior of beneficial insects. Studies aimed to draw up a list of pollinating insects on flowers of Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp., 1843 (Fabales: Fabaceae), in situations of treatment with botanical pesticides compared to the situation of the use of synthetic insecticide and to determine the effect of the biopesticides on the behavior of the main floricultural insects. Field investigations were carried out during two cowpea cultivation campaigns (June to September 2021 and June to October 2022) in Dang (suburb of Ngaoundere) on the effect of leaves extracts of local plant origin on the foraging behavior of Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758 (Hymenoptera: Apidae) and the main sap-sucking insect Aphis craccivora Koch, 1854 (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Forty-four cowpea plots of 4x3.5 m each distributed according to the randomized complete block model (four untreated plots as negative control, four plots treated with the synthetic insecticide Parastar (40EC 535/ 10/IN, 20 g/l of imidacloprid and 20 g/l of lamda-cyhalothrin) as positive control, and 36 experimental plots treated with three concentrations (10%, 20% and 30%) of aqueous leaves extract of Calotropis procera (Gentianales: Apocynaceae), Eucalyptus camaldulensis (Myrtales: Myrtaceae), and Tithonia diversifolia (Asterales: Asteraceae) respectively, made it possible to conduct four treatments: (1) flowers left to freely pollination, (2) flowers protected against pollinators, (3) flowers visited exclusively by Ap. mellifera and (4) flowers protected against insects. Among eight species (four orders, four families and seven genera) recorded on the flowers of V. unguiculata, the domestic bee Ap. mellifera was the most common and collected nectar and pollen. The control plots and those treated with 10% or 20% aqueous leaves extracts allowed the bee to carry out its activity. Plots treated with 30% extract of each plant and those treated with the synthetic insecticide Parastar, drastically altered the rhythm and speed of activity in Ap. mellifera foragers. This behavior became less coordinated and slow on treated plants. It would be wise to use 10% or 20% aqueous extracts as botanical insecticides and an alternative to the synthetic insecticide Parastar.
},
 year = {2024}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Impact of Plant Extracts on the Pollination Activity of Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758 (Hymenoptera: Apidae) on Flowers of Cowpea Variety Feekem, in Dang (Adamaoua, Cameroon)

AU  - Taïmanga
AU  - Moukhtar Mohammadou
AU  - Pharaon Auguste Mbianda
AU  - Moïse Adamou
AU  - Ousmana Youssoufa
AU  - Boris Fouelifack-Nintidem
AU  - Andrea Sarah Kenne Toukem
AU  - Odette Massah Dabole
AU  - Oumarou Abdoul Aziz
AU  - Abraham Tchoubou-Sale
AU  - Abdel Kayoum Yomon
AU  - Sedrick Junior Tsekane
AU  - Martin Kenne
Y1  - 2024/05/24
PY  - 2024
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aje.20240802.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.aje.20240802.12
T2  - American Journal of Entomology
JF  - American Journal of Entomology
JO  - American Journal of Entomology
SP  - 31
EP  - 59
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2640-0537
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aje.20240802.12
AB  - Synthetic pesticides present worldwide risks of contamination of humans, livestock and the environment due to the strong persistence and the toxic residues in fruits and vegetables. Natural biopesticides of local plant origin present low persistence and are the best alternative for the control of crop pests. In the Adamaoua region (Northern Cameroon), few studies exist concerning effects of botanical pesticides on the behavior of beneficial insects. Studies aimed to draw up a list of pollinating insects on flowers of Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp., 1843 (Fabales: Fabaceae), in situations of treatment with botanical pesticides compared to the situation of the use of synthetic insecticide and to determine the effect of the biopesticides on the behavior of the main floricultural insects. Field investigations were carried out during two cowpea cultivation campaigns (June to September 2021 and June to October 2022) in Dang (suburb of Ngaoundere) on the effect of leaves extracts of local plant origin on the foraging behavior of Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758 (Hymenoptera: Apidae) and the main sap-sucking insect Aphis craccivora Koch, 1854 (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Forty-four cowpea plots of 4x3.5 m each distributed according to the randomized complete block model (four untreated plots as negative control, four plots treated with the synthetic insecticide Parastar (40EC 535/ 10/IN, 20 g/l of imidacloprid and 20 g/l of lamda-cyhalothrin) as positive control, and 36 experimental plots treated with three concentrations (10%, 20% and 30%) of aqueous leaves extract of Calotropis procera (Gentianales: Apocynaceae), Eucalyptus camaldulensis (Myrtales: Myrtaceae), and Tithonia diversifolia (Asterales: Asteraceae) respectively, made it possible to conduct four treatments: (1) flowers left to freely pollination, (2) flowers protected against pollinators, (3) flowers visited exclusively by Ap. mellifera and (4) flowers protected against insects. Among eight species (four orders, four families and seven genera) recorded on the flowers of V. unguiculata, the domestic bee Ap. mellifera was the most common and collected nectar and pollen. The control plots and those treated with 10% or 20% aqueous leaves extracts allowed the bee to carry out its activity. Plots treated with 30% extract of each plant and those treated with the synthetic insecticide Parastar, drastically altered the rhythm and speed of activity in Ap. mellifera foragers. This behavior became less coordinated and slow on treated plants. It would be wise to use 10% or 20% aqueous extracts as botanical insecticides and an alternative to the synthetic insecticide Parastar.

VL  - 8
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Taïmanga

Department of Agronomy, Institute of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0009-0002-3650-2638
Moukhtar Mohammadou

Laboratory of Biology and Physiology of Animal Organisms, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0009-0008-8986-4150
Pharaon Auguste Mbianda

Laboratory of Biology and Physiology of Plant Organisms, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0009-0004-8595-9700
Moïse Adamou

Laboratory of Applied Zoology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Ngaoundere, Ngaoundere, Cameroon; Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences of Garoua, University of Garoua, Garoua, Cameroon

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4382-4259
Ousmana Youssoufa

Laboratory of Biology and Physiology of Animal Organisms, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0009-0008-6109-094x
Boris Fouelifack-Nintidem

Laboratory of Biology and Physiology of Animal Organisms, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1097-3765
Andrea Sarah Kenne Toukem

Laboratory of Biology and Physiology of Animal Organisms, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0009-0008-6261-3984
Odette Massah Dabole

Laboratory of Biology and Physiology of Plant Organisms, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0009-0009-0771-339x
Oumarou Abdoul Aziz

Laboratory of Biology and Physiology of Animal Organisms, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0009-0002-6530-6900
Abraham Tchoubou-Sale

Laboratory of Biology and Physiology of Plant Organisms, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0009-0004-3959-0770
Abdel Kayoum Yomon

Laboratory of Biology and Physiology of Animal Organisms, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6970-5506
Sedrick Junior Tsekane

Laboratory of Biology and Physiology of Animal Organisms, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7225-8698
Martin Kenne

Laboratory of Biology and Physiology of Animal Organisms, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2104-7073

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APA Style

Taïmanga, Mohammadou, M., Mbianda, P. A., Adamou, M., Youssoufa, O., et al. (2024). Impact of Plant Extracts on the Pollination Activity of Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758 (Hymenoptera: Apidae) on Flowers of Cowpea Variety Feekem, in Dang (Adamaoua, Cameroon). American Journal of Entomology, 8(2), 31-59. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aje.20240802.12

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ACS Style

Taïmanga; Mohammadou, M.; Mbianda, P. A.; Adamou, M.; Youssoufa, O., et al. Impact of Plant Extracts on the Pollination Activity of Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758 (Hymenoptera: Apidae) on Flowers of Cowpea Variety Feekem, in Dang (Adamaoua, Cameroon). Am. J. Entomol. 2024, 8(2), 31-59. doi: 10.11648/j.aje.20240802.12

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AMA Style

Taïmanga, Mohammadou M, Mbianda PA, Adamou M, Youssoufa O, et al. Impact of Plant Extracts on the Pollination Activity of Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758 (Hymenoptera: Apidae) on Flowers of Cowpea Variety Feekem, in Dang (Adamaoua, Cameroon). Am J Entomol. 2024;8(2):31-59. doi: 10.11648/j.aje.20240802.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.aje.20240802.12,
  author = {Taïmanga and Moukhtar Mohammadou and Pharaon Auguste Mbianda and Moïse Adamou and Ousmana Youssoufa and Boris Fouelifack-Nintidem and Andrea Sarah Kenne Toukem and Odette Massah Dabole and Oumarou Abdoul Aziz and Abraham Tchoubou-Sale and Abdel Kayoum Yomon and Sedrick Junior Tsekane and Martin Kenne},
  title = {Impact of Plant Extracts on the Pollination Activity of Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758 (Hymenoptera: Apidae) on Flowers of Cowpea Variety Feekem, in Dang (Adamaoua, Cameroon)
},
  journal = {American Journal of Entomology},
  volume = {8},
  number = {2},
  pages = {31-59},
  doi = {10.11648/j.aje.20240802.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aje.20240802.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.aje.20240802.12},
  abstract = {Synthetic pesticides present worldwide risks of contamination of humans, livestock and the environment due to the strong persistence and the toxic residues in fruits and vegetables. Natural biopesticides of local plant origin present low persistence and are the best alternative for the control of crop pests. In the Adamaoua region (Northern Cameroon), few studies exist concerning effects of botanical pesticides on the behavior of beneficial insects. Studies aimed to draw up a list of pollinating insects on flowers of Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp., 1843 (Fabales: Fabaceae), in situations of treatment with botanical pesticides compared to the situation of the use of synthetic insecticide and to determine the effect of the biopesticides on the behavior of the main floricultural insects. Field investigations were carried out during two cowpea cultivation campaigns (June to September 2021 and June to October 2022) in Dang (suburb of Ngaoundere) on the effect of leaves extracts of local plant origin on the foraging behavior of Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758 (Hymenoptera: Apidae) and the main sap-sucking insect Aphis craccivora Koch, 1854 (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Forty-four cowpea plots of 4x3.5 m each distributed according to the randomized complete block model (four untreated plots as negative control, four plots treated with the synthetic insecticide Parastar (40EC 535/ 10/IN, 20 g/l of imidacloprid and 20 g/l of lamda-cyhalothrin) as positive control, and 36 experimental plots treated with three concentrations (10%, 20% and 30%) of aqueous leaves extract of Calotropis procera (Gentianales: Apocynaceae), Eucalyptus camaldulensis (Myrtales: Myrtaceae), and Tithonia diversifolia (Asterales: Asteraceae) respectively, made it possible to conduct four treatments: (1) flowers left to freely pollination, (2) flowers protected against pollinators, (3) flowers visited exclusively by Ap. mellifera and (4) flowers protected against insects. Among eight species (four orders, four families and seven genera) recorded on the flowers of V. unguiculata, the domestic bee Ap. mellifera was the most common and collected nectar and pollen. The control plots and those treated with 10% or 20% aqueous leaves extracts allowed the bee to carry out its activity. Plots treated with 30% extract of each plant and those treated with the synthetic insecticide Parastar, drastically altered the rhythm and speed of activity in Ap. mellifera foragers. This behavior became less coordinated and slow on treated plants. It would be wise to use 10% or 20% aqueous extracts as botanical insecticides and an alternative to the synthetic insecticide Parastar.
},
 year = {2024}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Impact of Plant Extracts on the Pollination Activity of Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758 (Hymenoptera: Apidae) on Flowers of Cowpea Variety Feekem, in Dang (Adamaoua, Cameroon)

AU  - Taïmanga
AU  - Moukhtar Mohammadou
AU  - Pharaon Auguste Mbianda
AU  - Moïse Adamou
AU  - Ousmana Youssoufa
AU  - Boris Fouelifack-Nintidem
AU  - Andrea Sarah Kenne Toukem
AU  - Odette Massah Dabole
AU  - Oumarou Abdoul Aziz
AU  - Abraham Tchoubou-Sale
AU  - Abdel Kayoum Yomon
AU  - Sedrick Junior Tsekane
AU  - Martin Kenne
Y1  - 2024/05/24
PY  - 2024
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aje.20240802.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.aje.20240802.12
T2  - American Journal of Entomology
JF  - American Journal of Entomology
JO  - American Journal of Entomology
SP  - 31
EP  - 59
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2640-0537
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aje.20240802.12
AB  - Synthetic pesticides present worldwide risks of contamination of humans, livestock and the environment due to the strong persistence and the toxic residues in fruits and vegetables. Natural biopesticides of local plant origin present low persistence and are the best alternative for the control of crop pests. In the Adamaoua region (Northern Cameroon), few studies exist concerning effects of botanical pesticides on the behavior of beneficial insects. Studies aimed to draw up a list of pollinating insects on flowers of Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp., 1843 (Fabales: Fabaceae), in situations of treatment with botanical pesticides compared to the situation of the use of synthetic insecticide and to determine the effect of the biopesticides on the behavior of the main floricultural insects. Field investigations were carried out during two cowpea cultivation campaigns (June to September 2021 and June to October 2022) in Dang (suburb of Ngaoundere) on the effect of leaves extracts of local plant origin on the foraging behavior of Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758 (Hymenoptera: Apidae) and the main sap-sucking insect Aphis craccivora Koch, 1854 (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Forty-four cowpea plots of 4x3.5 m each distributed according to the randomized complete block model (four untreated plots as negative control, four plots treated with the synthetic insecticide Parastar (40EC 535/ 10/IN, 20 g/l of imidacloprid and 20 g/l of lamda-cyhalothrin) as positive control, and 36 experimental plots treated with three concentrations (10%, 20% and 30%) of aqueous leaves extract of Calotropis procera (Gentianales: Apocynaceae), Eucalyptus camaldulensis (Myrtales: Myrtaceae), and Tithonia diversifolia (Asterales: Asteraceae) respectively, made it possible to conduct four treatments: (1) flowers left to freely pollination, (2) flowers protected against pollinators, (3) flowers visited exclusively by Ap. mellifera and (4) flowers protected against insects. Among eight species (four orders, four families and seven genera) recorded on the flowers of V. unguiculata, the domestic bee Ap. mellifera was the most common and collected nectar and pollen. The control plots and those treated with 10% or 20% aqueous leaves extracts allowed the bee to carry out its activity. Plots treated with 30% extract of each plant and those treated with the synthetic insecticide Parastar, drastically altered the rhythm and speed of activity in Ap. mellifera foragers. This behavior became less coordinated and slow on treated plants. It would be wise to use 10% or 20% aqueous extracts as botanical insecticides and an alternative to the synthetic insecticide Parastar.

VL  - 8
IS  - 2
ER  -

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